From marketing to image, to branding Essay

Introduction My presentation is based on branding as a business tool for marketing. The presentation will provide the concept of brand based on the strategies, importance, and influence of branding and to the consumers and towards the end provide a case study of McDonald’s Company for the case study of branding. Firstly, Hill (2002, p. 79) defined brand as a symbol or a name that businesses use in order to identify their products and use them to separate from the competitors. He further argues that brand development forms a foundational piece of the business marketing communication industries cannot do without. Reasonably, speaking, there are numerous brand types that may either represent a corporate or personal brand. We must note that in the current globalization and technology driven world, branding has become increasingly significant than over the previous decades. My research on business branding features the collection of science and psychology to form a premise mark as opposed to a trademark. The brands of the business convey the information of credibility, uniform quality, and experience of the business. Brands have life cycles, valuable and outlive the products. Today, numerous companies invest the value of the business in their brand and it has appeared in their balance sheet. The world has become online and numerous markets are growing across nations that have seen the consumers use brands in their purchases. The importance of brands is, therefore; Assisting in the identification of the business. The business that uses branding can clearly be seen, quickly identify and sought after-products. Branding allows time and energy saving through practicality through loyalty and identical purchasing. The customer is guaranteed of finding the same quality irrespective of time and place of buying the product Branding provides common self-image that is presentable to others It allows for satisfaction brought through intimacy and familiarity with the brand that the consumers have using for years. Branding provides ethical standards in business due to satisfaction linked to the responsible brand behavior in its societal relationships. Branding Strategy This refers that firms mix and match the name of their brand and the products they offer. The degree of synergy between the product brand and the corporate brand depends on the architecture of the brand (Hill 2002, p. 124). I found the following brand strategies as identified by scholars; Corporate and individual branding House of brand and brand house, including sub-brands and endorsed brands Weak endorsement, no endorsement, strong endorsement, and medium endorsement. Delineated three types of brand strategy, continuum monolithic strategy, branded strategy, and endorsed brand strategy. Endorsement brand strategy, token endorsement, and weak endorsement. Influence of Branding to Consumers and Business The legally protected brands are significantly important in the modern marketing. Branding has several influences on the business and the customers. Firstly, branding brings psychological effect that affect the consumers by urging them to choose a specific product over the other based on perception rather than hard facts. I read from the work of Hill (2002, p. 143) that indicated that brands can automatically activate the goals of purchase in individuals without conscious or awareness intent. Likewise, Hill (2002, p. 143) further writes that brands offer promise of performance by the business by assuring the customers of the quality, safety, and other ethical obligations of the product. Further, it is indicated that the socio-culturally based brands present the role of brands through research. Brand satisfaction is a good reason for a customer to choose a specific product over the other. Case Study of McDonald’s Branding Success The case study I used was a well-known industry across the globe. With the globalization era, currently; it is easier for brands to show their presence globally in various cultures. Reading from Hill (2002), business operation in a foreign cultural atmosphere comes with changes in the strategies of the business, advertising, functioning and branding campaign. A case study of the McDonald’s different marketing strategies can best exemplify the global marketing strategy. The company originated in the U.S. in 1940 as a street restaurant and currently serves in 199 countries across the globe. According to Kulkarni, Lassar, Sridhar and Venkitachalam (2009, p. 12) the company’s brand is supported by a highly successful brand campaigns.   In each of all the branding campaigns of the McDonald’s Company, it has prioritized on social values of the target audience that has made functioning as a resilient possible. The comparison of the branding campaign in two completely economically and culturally diverse countries, India and Australia, shows the company’s effective resilience. My investigations reveal that the company ventured in India in 1996 and in Australia in 1971, but there exists a considerable gap in chronology. It is understood that the company adopted the dissimilar marketing strategies using similar brand values that were quality, service, cleanliness and value (QSC & V). Using this strategy, the company excelled in both the markets in a way that the societies never thought that it was an American brand. The reasons for brand success of the case study company were, perhaps, numerous (Encyclopedia of global brands 2013, p. 677). However, excellent market research tops the list. The ever-growing process of market research has assisted the marketers to analyze the environment of marketing and define the marketing strategies and product-market fit. Through market research, Light, Kiddon, Till, Heckler, Mathews, Wacker, Brunner, Emery and Hall, (2012, p. 67), writes the company realized the obligation to involve in the local culture. Social marketing, according to McDonald’s (2013, p. 221) assisted the company develop the socially accepted product and satisfies the customer needs better than that of the competitors. Currently, the company runs 780 outlets in Australia and 300 outlets in India. Therefore, the best achievement of the company is through its branding that successfully transformed itself into the local image and fulfilled the brand promises. The people believed in QSC & V that was fulfilled and the TV campaigns often focused on customer relationships. References Encyclopedia of Global Brands. (2013). vol. 2, K-Z,  Ã‚   2nd edn, St. James Press, pp. 675-680 Hill, C. W. L. (2002). International business competing in the global marketplace. New York, McGraw-Hill Irwin. KonecÃŒÅ'Nik Ruzzier, M., & Ruzzier, M. (2007). From marketing to image, to branding. IV Seminari Internacional D’InnovacioÃŒ  I Turisme â€Å"Turisme & Branding: La Clau Per Al Desenvolupament TuriÃŒ stic†, Palma De Mallorca, 26, 27 I 28 Setembre 2007. Kulkarni, S, Lassar W, Sridhar C & Venkitachalam A. (2009). McDonald‟s OngoingMarketing Challenges and Social Perception in India‟, Online Journal of International  Case Analysis, vol. 1, Issue 2, last viewed 23 Sept 2013,  http://ojica.fiu.edu/index.php/ojica_journal/article/view/19/18  11. Light, L., Kiddon, J., Till, B., Heckler, D., Mathews, R., Wacker, W., Brunner, R., Emery, S., & Hall, R. (2012). Branding strategies for success. [Upper Saddle River, NJ], FT Press. http://proquest.safaribooksonline.com/?fpi=9780133039030.

Production Operation Assignment

Assignment 6: PRICING a) Computation of Economic Value of an offering Mercedes Benz is launching its luxury SUV (called the CDL class) in a market dominated by Lexus GL. The CDL class uses diesel and obtains 25 miles per gallon. The Lexus model, priced at $48000, uses premium gasolene and obtains 20 miles per gallon. Both the models need to be serviced annually but the CDL being a diesel engine requires annual service that is costlier by $100. The life of a diesel engine is typically longer – hence the residual value of a 10 year old CDL is estimated to be $1600 higher than the Lexus. Assume (i) the average cost of premium gasolene to be $3. 0 per gallon (ii) the average cost of diesel to be $3. 25 per gallon (ii) the average customer drives 12000 miles per year and (iii) there is no time discount. What should be the price of the CDL such that the economic value of Benz CDL over Lexus GL (during a 10 year use horizon by a customer) is completely appropriated by Mercedes Benz? The economic value of CDL: Price of substitute=48000 Cost saving=(12000/20*3-12000/25*3. 25-100)=140 Revenue enhancing=residual value=1600+residual value of GL Use horizon=10 EV of CDL=48000+140*10+1600+residual value of GL=51000+residual value of GL The economic value of GL: Price of substitute=XCost saving=(12000/25*3. 25-12000/20*3+100)=-140 Revenue enhancing=residual value=residual value of GL Use horizon=10 EV of GL=X+(-140)*10+ residual value of GL=X-1400+residual value of GL To make (51000+residual value) equal (X-1400+residual value of GL) X should be 52400 So the price of CDL should be lower than 52400 dollars such that the EV of CDL is higher than GL. b) Breakeven Analysis Nokia has decided to manufacture a special edition cellphone called HiRide for the teen market next year that will be sold with Sprint’s wireless service. For this phone, Nokia’s variable manufacturing cost is $35 per phone.Fixed manufacturing costs amount to $20 million and advertising cos ts are expected at $6 million. Nokia will sell HiRide to retailers and pay its own salesmen a commission of $8 per phone sold to the retailers. The retail price (i. e. , price paid by the end customer) of the product is $120 and retail margin typically average about 10%. (i) What is the price at which Nokia sells to retailers? Assume that the price is X, thus: X*(1+10%)=120 X=$109 (ii) What is Nokia’s contribution per unit sales for HiRide? Contribution per unit= P-VC=109-(35+8)=$66 (iii) What is Nokia’s breakeven volume?BE volume=FC/contribution per unit=? (20000000+6000000)/66=393939. 4? 393940 (iv) Nokia’s actual sales in Year 1 turned out to be 375000 units. Since the product did not break even, Nokia’s product manager decided to reduce the commission offered to its salesmen in Year 2. Provided the sales volume, price, and other fixed costs remain the same as in Year 1, how much should be the new commission so that HiRide breaks even in Year 2? Assume that it is X, thus: The new contribution per unit would be 109-(35+X), which equals 74-X BE volume =375000=FC/ new contribution per unit=26000000/(74-X) So X =4. 76$

Ethical Foreign Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Ethical Foreign Policy - Essay Example In addition a global discourse of human rights is emerging, which in turn, reflects in a large number of international legal instruments.2 This discourse warrants intervention where rights are being abused on a large scale and where at the same time a global opinion in favour of democracy is observed. Why This is primarily because the "in time" availability of information makes the issue more sensitive since the natural instinct of "helping" in human nature is effectively activated. In addition due to a more accessible world people and governments (representative of the people) feel themselves to be more attached with the affairs of others as they directly or indirectly affect them politically, economically or sheer as per the national morality/psyche. This essay will first clarify ethical foreign policy. It will then examine foreign policy ethics and interests. Thirdly, it wills discuses how to construct ethical foreign policies in a government. Finally it will conclude that the most important points in the study, with a recommendation for any future work. It iWhat is ethical foreign policy It is not reflective of actual practice to posit a dichotomy between, on one hand, an ethical foreign policy, and on the other, a non-ethical foreign policy.3 The growing interaction amongst nation state at international canvass has made it impossible that the action of one state is devoid of the effect on other state. This existing interconnectedness of actions of one state and the effects on the other state had made it impossible to have foreign policy which is devoid of ethical strings. However, the depth and breadth of ethical paradigms might be different for different nations. Therefore, the issues are focused on rather how governments act ethically, according to certain criteria, and how they balance competing ethical claims. The governments must be pragmatic, because they cannot formulate foreign policy from a predetermined ethical standpoint.4 The pedestal of "ethical standpoint" has to be different for every government. The reason is that the intensity or the will to follow the ethical strings/viewpoints or even formulation of those, is directly proportional to numerous factors within the government which include military/economic might and the resultant fall out on the nation, of the event taking place. Example That is exactly what happened in case of Iraq War. To have a nuclear weapon, if seen from ethical stand point of protecting one's country, was justified from Iraq's point of view. However, US saw it as a direct threat to itself in particular and world in general. This led US to adopt pre-emptive strategy. On the other hand many of the world nations were not interested in US strategy as they were viewing the issue from the "ethical stand point" of engaging and resolving issue through dialogue with Iraq. Further, the resultant expected destabilization of the region and loss of life was not thought to be ethical enough by those nations. Reality is that US did go for the war because it had the

Post-acquisition cultural integration the case of Arcelormittal Essay

Post-acquisition cultural integration the case of Arcelormittal - Essay Example The purpose of the paper is to understand the findings of the previous researchers on the subject. Journals and papers from academic sources such as Emerald, PROQUEST and EBSCO Host have been sued for the study. The focus for this study on ArcelorMittal is justified in view of the numerous failures in international mergers due to cultural issues. The first stream of literature is based on understanding the concept of mergers and acquisitions. An overview of the terms, the motives for mergers and the outcome of such mergers have been discussed. The second stream of literature is on the role of culture in acquisitions. In this section, the definition of culture, the concept of national and organizational culture, including the country clusters and their value system have been discussed at length while providing the different theories. Under the same section the acculturation theory and the concept of cultural synergy has been highlighted. The third stream of literature deals with the m anagerial competencies and the linguistic issues in the context of international mergers. Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) is an expression of a strategy that pertains to the corporate sector. It is basically the management of different processes relating to different functions such as selling, buying or combining one or more companies towards a common goal. It helps to accelerate growth and achieve synergies.

The obsession of medical science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The obsession of medical science - Essay Example We have an obsession with scientific methods and we sometimes try to overcomplicate certain issues and pregnancies are one of these issues. This perception is ill founded and in this essay arguments will be given as to why midwives can be more helpful than Obstetricians in the American maternity health care system. What is the difference between Obstetricians and Midwives? An obstetrician is a person who is a medical expert in child births and labor issues. These are people who have taken formal professional education of medical science and have knowledge of surgery. Midwives on the other hand are only equipped with handling low risk pregnancies. Midwives deals with the process of child birth and aim at natural process of child birth. A midwife is generally expected to complete a few courses on pregnancy and child birth but they cannot treat child illnesses. The specifically deal with child birth and pregnancies. There is a difference in the child birth philosophy of midwives and obs tetricians. Midwives consider child birth as a natural process and they have a natural perspective on pregnancies. Obstetricians have a medical perspective and view child birth as a medical risk. Pros and Cons of Obstetricians The major benefit of obstetricians is that they receive formal professional education with regards to child birth and labor procedure. They are medical expert and are aware of the functions of other body parts. They have in-depth knowledge about the human body therefore they can perform complex child births. Obstetricians can also perform surgical procedures like a cesarean which midwives cannot. High risk pregnancies can be handled by an obstetrician and not a midwife. Sometimes the mother has heart problem or diabetes so such child births are better taken care of by obstetricians. The most significant disadvantage of obstetricians is that they have a medical science perspective that views child birth as a risk and not a natural process. Therefore they are mo re inclined to use surgical procedures when there is no need of it. There is also a shortage of obstetricians therefore they are not able to focus on one pregnancy and this can sometimes lead to complications. Marsden Wagner says â€Å"In USA obstetrician plates are full to overflowing† (pp.6). They are so busy that they find it hard to concentrate on a particular case. In this regard a midwife does better as she spends more time with the mother. Pros and Cons of Midwives Midwives provide services that are monetarily affordable by people. They charge far lesser than an obstetrician for their services and this makes them more attractive to gynecologists. The medical philosophy of midwives allows them to view child birth as a natural process and not as a medical risk. This allows them to think differently from obstetricians and they can rely on natural methods. They also give considerable time to their patients so this allows them to understand the patient in a better way. Midw ives can perform child births in homes. This is an added advantage as valuable time is not lost in bringing the patient to the hospital. The lack of medical knowledge serves as a disadvantage for midwives. Any complication during a child birth cannot be solved by midwives. They are also oblivious to the current trend of medicine and in case of an

Security Policy Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Security Policy Analysis - Essay Example The successful executives value business information and strive to improve and maintain it using latest technologies at the expense of the organizations to promote the cyber security (Van der Zwaan et al 2010) Since lack of implementation of cyber, securities to any organization pose threats to the breach of the confidential company information and database attack. There is legislation permitting the criminal charges against the responsible personnel’s under the federal information Security Management Act of 2002 also called E-Government Act. The incessant failure to protect the firms against cyber attack would lead to the involvement of the Government. Information is an important entity of any well-run organization and failure to protect it is a crime. Cyber security being an important segment of the organization to maintain and keep data safe, the IT security applications alone is not sufficient to protect the cyber attacks and threats. The frequency of cyber crime is increasing its size and sophistication with specialized professionals involved that technology alone cannot stop cyber crime. The attacks increase because of the creation of malware by criminals to steal information, and the breaching of Firewalls to reach the organizational important data. The cyber security is no longer a technical issue because

Applied Construction Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Applied Construction Management - Coursework Example The car park will have the entrance the exit gates which will all face the main road. The entrance to the car parking will be from the side of Ragian Road with the exit being placed on the side of Rampart Road. The parking for the disabled people will be on the ground floor and to the left side of the entrance. The parking for other people will be on towards the right of the entrance and they will be able to park from the second to the third floor. Additionally, the car park will have surveillance cameras that will be placed on both the entrance towards Ragian and at the exit towards the Rampart road. Other surveillance cameras will be place at each parking section with the control room located at the third floor of the building (Oyedele, Ajayi and Kadiri, 2014). The building will have four floors. The last floor will act as offices for executives and other people. The car park apartment will be painted blue green which are the company colours. Barriers will also be placed at the entrance and the exit to control traffic as well as acting as security control. The barriers will be manned by the personnel at the control room as well as the personnel located at both the entrance and the exit. The painting will be done by the Solai painters with the lighting system being conducted by the Harold lights. The lighting system will be fixed to all floors as well as the parking sections. The lighting system will be raised to ensure that all the area in the park is well lit. The other issue that the contractor will take care of is the signage that will be located on the various sections of the park with an aim of giving direction to the people who will be visiting the park (Bennett and Ormerod, 2011). The park will have signs that will show directions a s well as the points of services. The contactor will ensure that the work

Market Research on Foreclosure Markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Market Research on Foreclosure Markets - Essay Example The number of annual foreclosure filings rose from 1.3 million in 2006 to 2.2 million in 2007, to 3.3 million in 2008, and to almost 4.0 million in 2009 (RealtyTrac). In order to determine whether foreclosure will continue, it is first necessary to determine the causes of these higher foreclosure rates and then to determine whether those causes are continuing. Foreclosures occur because an individual with a mortgage cannot afford the mortgage any longer and because the individual will not recover the amount of the mortgage from the sale of the home. So it is necessary to figure out what might cause individuals to have difficulty affording a mortgage and for the house values to decline below mortgage values. What might cause a decline in mortgage affordability would be closely related to all macroeconomic measures that affect income. So GDP and the unemployment rate will certainly affect incomes and thus home affordability, since less GDP means less economic activity, which in turn means declining profits and more unemployment. Obviously, lower profits and more unemployment translates into less money for people and thus more people unable to afford their mortgages. In fact there has been an extremely close correlation between unemployment rate and mortgage delinquency. One analysis has found a correlation of 98% between unemployment rate and delinquency rate between 2004 and the middle of 2009 (Calculated Risk). This close relationship is a contrast to what has been evidenced in the past, as the correlation between foreclosure rates and unemployment rates were found to be weak before this latest housing boom/bust cycle. In 1998 two economists examined the relationship between unemployme nt and mortgage foreclosure rates from 1950 to 1998, and concluded that there was very little correlation between unemployment changes and mortgage foreclosures (Elmer and Seelig). Yet because of the changing nature of mortgages beginning in the 1990s, the association between foreclosures and unemployment has become quite significant. Traditionally 20% downpayments had been the minimum requirement for most borrowers, but this requirement was increasingly weakened over the last 10-15 years (Calculated Risk). Therefore suddenly unemployed or underemployed homeowners who must sell may find themselves with mortgages worth more than the value of the home, due to the lack of equity and the declining home values, and will therefore have to foreclose.So as long as there is high unemployment and declining home values, more foreclosures are likely to occur. The decline in the house value below the mortgage value would occur if housing prices have fallen from the original time the mortgage was issued. Home prices began their decline in the middle of 2006 and have fallen to 2003 levels, and have shown modest increases since the beginning of 2009 (Case-Shiller). So homes that were purchased after 2003 are the most vulnerable to foreclosure. Home purchases before 2003 will be vulnerable to foreclosure if there was refinancing. The closer in time the home purchase or refinance was to the peak of mid-2006, the more vulnerable that loan will be to foreclosure, since those loans will have the highest mortgage/home value ratios. During the 1990s, mortgage loan originations (both purchase and refinance) were around 200 billion per quarter. This number began to rise in the late 1990s, fell back briefly, and started to rise again

Strategic Supply Chain Managemnt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words - 1

Strategic Supply Chain Managemnt - Essay Example As any student of management accounting is aware of, the quantum of capital employed in plant and machinery is more or less uniform across an industry as all players generally opt for the latest technology so as to enjoy maximum levels of operating efficiency. So, there is not much to differentiate between the competitors in that regard. But the area where the leaders leave the stragglers behind is supply chain management and inventory control. If a proper and taut control over inventory is not maintained, the level of capital employed can never be brought down while keeping the operational efficiency intact. (Cox, Sanderson and Watson 2001) These days the management gurus are looking beyond the narrow and immediate confines of inventory management and are looking at managing the supply chain as a whole. Supply chain attempts to view the whole production process as a seamless entity that begins with market research for correctly evaluating consumer demand and follows the flow of inputs and services through the production process right till the time when the finished product reaches the final consumer. Thus this is a wider concept that includes all the stakeholders; right from the supplier that supplies raw materials to the final consumer that buys the product to satisfy a particular need. In between of course lie the producer, the labour and the service inputs from the tertiary sector of the economy. A supply chain in its most basic form has four components, and they are: Supply chain management, as is clear from the above diagram, is basically akin to running a relay race and just as in a relay race the entire team is as good as its weakest link, so also in supply chain management the entire operation is as efficient as its least efficient sections. That is to say, a super efficient manufacturer is not enough to make the entire supply chain effective – all the components must be

Discuss Friel’s presentation Essay Example for Free

Discuss Friel’s presentation Essay In the time ‘Dancing at Lughnasa’ was set Gerry and Chris’s relationship would have been extremely unorthodox and would have circulated a lot of town gossip. Having a child out of wedlock was extremely shocking and making the decision to then keep Michael even more so. In 1936 women had very few rights and with the shock of Michael being born only the towns respect for their brother, a missionary, kept them from being societal lepers. Friel presents the relationship between Gerry and Chris by using stage directions to show the true feelings between them and how their relationship is sustained. Having Gerry and Chris talking in the garden while the four other sisters are inside listening intently shows how little privacy the two have in their relationship. When Gerry first arrives Chris appears extremely cold and offhand in front of him using one word answers ‘Chris: Hello, Gerry†¦ yes†¦yes. ’ All of this gives the impression that she has very little time for him and doesn’t particularly care about him. However Friel’s staging shows the audience that she really does care because we see her reaction before Gerry comes on stage. Friel portrays her as standing stock still in shock then, when coming to her senses, rushing around panicking, ‘adroitly adjusts her hair and clothes. ’ It is the panic before the extract that shows her much Chris truly does care about Gerry and also about how little the sisters have in their lives due to the their scramble to make themselves presentable. This highlights how Gerry is a key romantic figure in the play because even though all the while the sisters are saying ‘Kate: He won’t stay the night here’ and ‘Rose: I hate him!’ they still all end up crowding around the window to listen in and watch, suggesting that though disapproving they still half wish to be in Chris’s shoes. The social constraints of the situation lead them to wanting Gerry out of the families lives, but still the desire is there through the constant comments. These comments are key to the suggestion of an invasion of privacy, ‘Maggie: you should see the way she’s looking at him†¦Kate: they’re not still talking are they? ’ Friel is trying to show how hard it must be for Gerry and Chris to live in such an enclosed area where everyone knows everyone’s business, thus exploring a theme of romance, or lack of romance. This is continued throughout the extract, the fact that Gerry never visits ‘Chris: 13 months’ making the relationship seem very one sided Chris remembering the last visit to the day while Gerry can’t remember the month. Gerry proposes to Chris at the very end of the extract and this gives a sign that maybe he does care about her. Even though Chris turns him down there is still the slight remembrance of this moment throughout the rest of the play, leading to the audiences opinion that maybe Gerry does truly care for Chris despite leaving her alone with child. However through Michael’s narrative closer to the end of the play in the second act we find out that Gerry already had ‘a wife and three grown children’, Friel choosing to leave this revelation till the end to produce a far more dramatic climax to their relationship. It is then that the audience realises that Gerry never intended to marry Chris and only offered in the knowledge that she would refuse. This all gives the impression that there is never any real closeness or intimacy for the two of them and the whole summer of happiness before, ‘suddenly he takes her in his arms and dance. ’ was a lie. A large influence on Friel when writing ‘Dancing at Lughnasa’ was the changing role of women in society. Thatcher had just been Prime Minister and women’s rights were becoming much more accepted in the 1990’s, perhaps why Friel chose to make this such a large part of the play. Set in 1936 the Mundy sisters would not have been at all accepted by society with Chris having Michael out of wedlock and then deciding to keep him. Changing attitudes within society would have influenced Friel’s interpretation of Chris and Gerry’s relationship. Friel depicted this family as an example of what is yet to come, the sisters supported Chris throughout and after her pregnancy even though it went against societies beliefs, thus inflicting Chris’s embarrassment upon themselves as well yet still sticking together as a family. Friel emphasizes that women should have the right to do as they please through the disruption of outside influences. At the beginning of the play the sisters are happy in their little bubble making jokes about the outside world ‘Maggie: steady on girl, today its lipstick; tomorrow it’s the gin bottle’ although never participating in it. It’s when they begin to allow others into their circle that things begin to go down hill for them. Before Gerry’s arrival they were all dancing and laughing but his arrival marked a change for them all, Friel perhaps suggesting that women don’t need the influences of men and all they bring with them is destruction. Danny Bradley and Rose are another example of this, the death of Rose’s defenceless white rooster is symbolic of mans predatory nature and the violence of this act implies violence between Rose and Bradley. Therefore Friel is portraying women as stronger without the male interference, Chris and Gerry’s relationship is used to highlight this as it is obvious to the audience that Chris would have been better off without Gerry in the first place but it is this continued procrastinating relationship that truly destroys her. The audience views Chris and Gerry’s relationship with trepidation throughout the play due to Friel’s depiction of him as a stereotypical womaniser. Kate calls him a ‘Loafer! Wastrel! ’ but conveniently neglects to mention the obvious charisma he has. In a short few minutes of conversation he has turned Chris from cold and unwelcoming ‘Chris: Thirteen months. ’ To one who is warm and laughing and allows Gerry to ‘dance her lightly, elegantly across the garden. ’ The audience views this exchange with surprise having heard only very negative things about Gerry from the sisters; the easy acceptance from Chris confuses them. The audience’s mistrust of Gerry’s character increases after the small discussion of Agnes between the two. Having already seen Agnes’s rigid, almost forced disinterest in Gerry, and then to have Gerry asking specifically after her Friel creates a slight unease for the audience, suggesting that something may have between the two of them. This leads to the audience beginning to see the cracks in the family’s foundations with Gerry seemingly at the centre of this. Friel enforces this idea of him being a womaniser later in act 2 when he begins to flirt with Agnes ‘Gerry: Dance with me Agnes.’ and then kisses her forehead, all of this watched by Chris. The audience begins to really mistrust Gerry at this point as it is obvious that he is the cause of conflict between the family they have come to love. The audience is seeing men in a bad light which relates to the feelings at the time it was being performed when the term ‘glass ceiling’ was coming into existence, women in the workplace being oppressed by men and now, in the play, them to being oppressed in relationships. There is the feeling that men can get away with any sort of misdemeanour by just walking away, leaving, whereas women i.  e. Chris, are always left with the result – a baby. Gerry’s carrying on represents this stereotypical male so that when the audience discovers that Gerry in fact has ‘a wife and three grown children’ it comes as no surprise. In conclusion, Friel presents Gerry and Chris’s relationship as something parallel to that of a pre 1990’s relationship. He wants to suggest to the audience that women no need longer depend on men by showing how much better off the Mundy sisters were before the arrival of Gerry and the conflict he brought within the family. Although the influences on Friel were all about the empowerment of women, he presents Gerry and Chris’s relationship with Gerry as the dominant figure, putting the play in the context of its setting and to show how the male dominance was a cause of the family breaking down. Through his presentation of the relationship he is evoking the idea that there are more possibilities available to an empowered women rather than a dominated one.

Sub Disciplines Of Philosophy Philosophy Essay

Sub Disciplines Of Philosophy Philosophy Essay The word Philosophy is derived from the Greek term connoting love of wisdom through logical or intellectual modes. The study of Philosophy is apprehensive with issues of definitive worth: questions regarding truth, legitimacy, attraction, integrity, righteousness, and sense. This is not to mention that each conducts of such subjects is as fine as every other. Several are affluent, helpful, and evocative; some are infertile, extraordinary, and dull. These are matters we cannot solve. However in our dilemma as soul-holders, I believe these are questions we cannot stay away from. The major sub-disciplines of philosophy include Ethics, Metaphysics, Epistemology, Logic, Aesthetics, and philosophy of science, philosophy of law, philosophy of language, Political Philosophy, and Religion. In this paper, we will discuss the Philosophy of Religion; its disputes, philosophical theories depending on it, morality, and omniscience of God, atheism, mans free will, and evil reconciliation. Philosophy of Religion: According to Alston, it is a division in philosophy defines the issues regarding religion, as well as the natural world and reality of God and spirits, the inspection of religious and holy familiarities, and the connection between science and religion. Many philosophers, psychoanalysts, theologians, etc have proposed different definitions of Religion. However, the best in my opinion is of the psychoanalyst William James; he described religion as the mind-set, attitude, behavior, and practices of person men in their isolation; such as they concern themselves to situate in link to whatever they might deem as the celestial or divine. Existence of God: Does God exist or not..? This is the question, which all individuals ask at least once in their lives. But there is no middle floor for this. Any effort to stay unbiased regarding Gods being is generally identical to agnosticism. Proof for the existence of God might not be necessary for the devoted ones. But on contrary, it is a necessity for the individuals who tend to go on with logic, or may not believe in any such thing as divine or spirited. According to Oliver J. Thatcher, the existence of God cannot be exhibited; Gods reality is a chapter of faith, and so as to objects of faith are not illustrious, for the reason that the office of revelation is to verify, however faith relates to fads that are not to be demonstrated. Arguments for the Existence of God: We can explore several arguments of numerous unusual types for the existence of God. People have considered that an efficient balanced argument for Gods presence is a significant initial pace in opening the intellect to the prospect of religious conviction in understanding some of the obstructions and wreckage that abstains individuals from pleasing the thought of divine exposure gravely. Amongst the major twenty types of Arguments for the Existence of God, the strongest I perceive is Argument from Religious Knowledge. Argument for the Existence of God from Religious Knowledge: An unlike kind of experience reclines in the incredible heart core of many individuals religious faith. Some types of experiences are sensed deliberately; one realizing its fundamental significance in life or existence. However, another kind stays induced in innermost essence of persons disposition. However, at this time there is definitely a quarrel pertaining to Gods being; made with the information connected with this sort knowledge. Its not at all a quarrel which actions by ones own practical knowledge in your own affirmation of which God is out there. Noticeably, most people likely dont have a desire for this kind of controversy. Alternatively, this kind of controversy actions with an additional course: through the widespread fact connected with religious practical knowledge towards the pronouncement of which merely a divine fact can effectively describe the idea. It can be complicated to affirm this argument conclusively. However it could rather be infer in following steps. Many individuals belonging various ages as well as regarding various countries state to get acquired an experience on the spiritual. It is beyond the belief that lots of persons happen to be so completely unsuitable about the distinctiveness in addition to information of their personal contingency. Hence, theres a divine actuality which a lot of individuals from dissimilar periods and traditions have noticed. Now again, the question arises that does God the Ultimate Creator and Beneficial of the whole galaxy really exists or its just a perception? A lot of people recognize their familiarity of divination in this approach; they are jointed with or linked over ceaseless and irresistible awareness and love, which fills them with itself but considerably surpass their aptitude to accept, or in such way, as they state. Another question crops up here; Are we able enough to judge them and then believe? According to Peter Kreeft, theres a huge amount of these kinds of statements. Sometimes these are true or perhaps definitely not. While analyzing these, we ought to think about; The actual regularity of these assertions are they reliable or not and does they relate and justify the reasonable facts we already know? The type of the people who help make most of these declarations are these people honest, literate and honorable? The issues most of these encounters have experienced of their own existence plus the existence regarding some others have they become more genuine, reasonable and gentle after their religious incident? It really is extremely hard for a person to lie out early in advance; just how research in to this specific decree regarding claims and assertions along with characters, may have an impact on many individuals. A person is then unable to claim early in advance just how its going to have an impact on a person. But it is usually a proof; it has numerous confident individuals; and yes it cannot be ignored. Sometimes in actuality, we all consider, very often, that this verification is usually less encountered as laid off using brilliant modern trademarks. Foundations and Emergence of the Universe: Many cultures and religions have tales concerning the emergence and foundation of Universe. According to Brewer (2011), some religions and civilizations believe that universe came into being by hatching from the egg, later laid on the waters and etc. In one more story, the universe is produced from the merger of male and female divine beings. Additionally, the Universe emerged when wrecked matters, such as the carcass of a dead god, blended with other materials or when some universal spirit combined with the nature. Islam however, holds a bit different view about emergence of Universe. It considers God to be the Creator and that it took six ayams (levels or days) to create seven heavens and earth. Emergence and foundation of Universe is humankinds earliest and everlasting interest. Long-ago, when this question was heaved, there was no vagueness, since no matter whom the person was or what his course was, barely two possible kinds of answers from which to select something from nothing, or always existing existed. The most interesting theory about the emergence of Universe is the famous Big-Bang Theory. It suggests that 11 to 15 million years ago, all the matter and vitality ended up being concentrated straight into a mass of the atom. At this time, matter, vitality, area and time period would not survive. Subsequently all of a sudden, the universe did start to grow from an incredible bulk and matter, vitality, area and time period came into being. Because earth expanded, matter did start to coalesce straight into propane clouds, after which celestial stars and planets. This theory has been accepted by most scientists. When all these theories and beliefs are considered, it is impossible to recognize the foundations of the Universe. But when observed in the insight of Philosophy of Religion and different chapters of Bible and Testament are considered, God lays the foundation of Universe. As Hebrews 1:10 mentions; in the beginning, O Lord, you laid the foundations of the earth, and the heavens are the work of your hands. Can one be moral and not believe in God? Humans need not embrace in virtually any faith or religion to be able to use a sense involving morally right or perhaps not. Meaningful rectitude will be pure, rather than predicated in great trust. Morality is a product or service involving social, definitely not faith based discussion. Sadly, this wrongly diagnosed indisputable fact that humans are not beneficial with out professing any belief from the supreme being or perhaps with out belonging to any faith will be one who will be dominating generally in most organizations around the globe. This wrongly diagnosed strategy is basically in charge of deficit of development with people aspects of man lifetime in which made use of exercising moral authority. One who is ethical but does not have faith in God may suppose, for instance, there is only an imaginative standard at effort in the Universe. They could moreover admit a desire satisfying preference in the persons intellect a need to be ingredient of some better whole or reason, which is the annex, or side-effect, of our sole self-awareness and comprehension of our ultimate demise. As inhabitants of this universe, we do not require to fit in to any religious conviction so as to possess a sagacity of moral true or mistake. Moral decency is innate and not centered on mystic belief. Thomas Ash, in his article states that one particular reason why a few theists feel that morality presumes Gods presence will be that will their morals appears to allow their beings apparent function, creating these individuals speculate precisely what function atheists may offer intended for independently. Reconciliation between God, Evil and Science: Evil is an incredibly actual existence on the globe. It is so since human beings have permitted it to be. God is not powerless against wickedness but has a preparation by which persons could possibly be keeping from the outcome of our private crime. God has done His duty to protect his creatures from their one anothers immorality. According to Brooke and Geoffrey, science and religion are not contradicted at all. Religion and science work jointly to bring-up a comprehensive indulgence of the world by reciprocally exemplifying one another. However, science and religion pretense no hazards to each other, except that they do not sustain each others responsibility either; they are basically apprehensive with inaccessible situations of matters. Gods Omniscience and Human Freewill Rational Argument for Atheism: God is All-Powerful. This means that He has the authority to arbitrate and organize the courses of life and human affairs as he perceives vigorous. If God would like definite things to occur at a specified time he can carry on it regarding those proceedings move in that route. If he wants any person to come into subsistence or carry out any definite task, he can make him perform it, most likely without that person being conscious of any intervention. Hence God can know about future of humans, thus free will turns out to be nothing (Wolterstorff, 1982). Regarding arguments given by Atheists on the Existence of God, I strongly disagree with them. In order to move from atheism to theism, the person ought to gather more and more evidences. The atheist might be close-minded, lack the ability to see amazement of nature, morally illiterate, or even have never come across any miracle. Conclusion Presume another person claims to you that all these kinds of ordeals are either the result of injuries to the temporal lobe or even associated with neurotic despotism. Under no circumstances, these tend to accomplish many people verify the truth associated with several divine truth. Just what may possibly be your first impulse be? You might think again more than that will huge certification associated with reports and enquire of by yourself if that could be correct. And you may possibly deduce: No. Given this multitude change, associated with assertions, along with the quality of living of these people, indicates unbelievably that those who made these claims are therefore completely wrong with regards to these people or even insanity or some brain disorder might cause this kind of outstanding amazing benefit along with magnificence. So, by considering all these facts and theories, I find this theme more superior that God DOES exist. He is all around us, and its His freewill that fashions us and our actions, attitude and behavior.

Pfizer Drug Suit :: essays research papers

Pfizer and the Nigerian Trovan Suit   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There has been a controversy about the experimental testing of the drug Trovan (trovafloxacin), by Pfizer, a major pharmaceutical company. Pfizer held clinical trials of the drug in Kano, Nigeria, during the 1996 epidemic of bacterial meningitis. The experiments were conducted on 200 children and were said to be successful. Recently, 30 Nigerian families of the children used in the experiments filed a lawsuit against Pfizer claiming they had violated laws by not obtaining permission from the families. (Reliefweb) This lawsuit is unprecedented. I believe Pfizer handled this experiment with good intentions and the press, namely the Washington Post, has unfairly portrayed them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently restricted the use of the antibiotic, Trovan, after it has been proven to cause liver failure and a small number of deaths when prescribed for many types of infections. Doctors were warned to reserve the use of Trovan for use only in the treatment of patients who meet very specific requirements. (Branch Law) Although it is harmful when used for certain ailments, Pfizer reports that Trovan has proven to be effective in treating meningococcal meningitis. This was determined during the experiments in Nigeria which were supervised by both American and Nigerian doctors. (Pfizer)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This experiment took place in Africa because of its recurring meningitis epidemic, which kills thousands of people. Pfizer took the opportunity to compare Trovan with ceftrixone, which was the commonly used drug at the time, to prove its effectiveness. One hundred patients were given Trovan and another 100 ceftrixone. In each group ninety-four percent of patients survived. â€Å"This mortality rate of 6% for both patient groups was lower than that seen in †¦patients with non-epidemic meningitis (range 6-10%), and lower than the overall fatality rate for this particular epidemic (10-30%).†(Pfizer) The incidence of side effects while using Trovan was not any higher than with ceftrixone. Oral Trovan proved to be a very safe, useful and promising treatment for this disease as compared to using other methods, which had to be given intravenously and could spread hepatitis or HIV. Pfizer states that, â€Å"The trial was designed and conducted in accordance with good medical practice and ethical norms.† They also said that both the Nigerian Ministry of Health and a local Nigerian ethics committee approved the experiment and a copy of this was sent to the FDA. â€Å"Prior to treatment, informed consent was obtained.

Love story set in World War One :: English Literature Essays

Love story set in WWI A shell struck near the trench, forcing debris towards Robert. He awoke with start. His friend laughed at Robert's startled expression. "Are you still not used to that?" Dougie said wryly, knowing that no-one could ever overcome the shock of the trenches. "Here, I saved you these." He handed over some biscuits. Robert thanked him. He tried to break the biscuit to see how hard it was. He found it very difficult to snap so he wet it and smashed it to small pieces with a brick. He had learnt the hard way that biting biscuits could very easily break teeth. "Young Tom died" Dougie said nonchalantly, whilst picking lice from his head. Robert watched as he threw them into the flame of a candle. Dougie had been in the war since the start and found it easy to not get affected by the sort of things that went on. "Oh." Robert and Tom were fairly good friends. They had spoken days earlier about how they were looking forward to seeing their wives. A lump formed in Robert's throat. He spoke with a choked voice. "What happened to him?" What affected Robert the most in situations like this was that they reminded him that his life was virtually meaningless to the country and that he was in serious danger all of the time. He knew that he could very easily be dead within the hour. "He was shot on his side, about here," Dougie pointed to his lower back. "He fell down and couldn't get back up. He drowned in the mud." A shiver tickled Robert's spine. He had heard many stories of injured men drowning in the swamped ground. He had always considered it to have been the worst way to go. Sinking into the mud. Feeling your mouth fill with the slimy, watery soil. Having it in your throat. Not being able to breathe. Knowing that you could stop it all by standing up, but being unable to. Passing into unconsciousness. Dying. Robert checked the rota. He was on sentry duty. His body ached. He was eating poorly, having little sleep and working too much. The conditions in the trench added to his bad health immensely. Fleas covered his body and his frustrated scratching had meant that there were areas on his body where he had clawed his skin off. His open wounds were often infected because he very rarely had the opportunity to wash.

Economic Depression and Hitlers Rise to Power Essay -- European Histo

Economics Depression and Hitler's Rise to Power The economic depression 1923 & 1929, contributed to Hitler's rise to power in many ways. The first thing that led to the economic crisis was when the German economy collapsed, as a result of the depression and low employment. This was a result of the Treaty of Versailles that forced Germany to pay reparations to the allies. The German people protested that it was an intolerable strain on the economy, but the German government ignored it. The German government did their best to play for time and to negotiate concessions from the allies, but because the French were quite impatient and also had to pay war debts to the USA they wanted there money back, so French and Belgium troops invaded the Rhur, in the Rhineland to take German goods and raw materials. This made the Germans very angry and because of this as well as the strikes where the German people refused to work, money became useless and there was chaos round the whole country. Hyperinflation then set in. At the same ..

Alice B. Gomme and “The Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland”

It is always valuable to explore the life and works of a pioneer in the literary field. This is for the reason that aside from his or her distinct and colorful existence, it is the originality and significance of a trademark literary work that imparted or provided the public with important principle and practices. This reality was what renowned British folklorist Alice Bertha Gomme or simply Lady Gomme exemplified to her readers and the public of the late nineteenth to early twentieth centuries.A study of her life revealed her remarkable contribution in the genre of folklore which, in turn, created an important influence on the lives of the children. Particularly for her work â€Å"The Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland,† Gomme exuded the authority and gained the respect of her readers. It is therefore worthy to state that a research and presentation on Alice B. Gomme and her most famous work, relevant life realities particularly concerning children are convey ed. Through Children’s Games and SongsA presentation about British folklorist Alice B. Gomme showed how she was fond of children and their activities. This is the reason why children influenced and became the center of her materials in Gomme’s literary works. The focused was evident through her most acclaimed folklore â€Å"The Traditional Games of England, Scotland and Ireland. † Beyond the nature and circumstances of children in Gomme’s folklores, her literary works best signified the kind of personality that she shared with her readers. That is, the works of Alice B.Gomme, although traditional and controlled, clearly showed how she has lived and worked in a focused way (â€Å"A Proper Limitation,† 2001). As per the Musical Traditions Web Services’ (2001) description of Gomme’s life and analysis of her works, â€Å"her sweetly pretty children’s games and quaint old stories she was a proper Victorian lade in all senses of the word† (â€Å"A Proper Limitation,† 2001). Through a helpful scholarship, the supposed stereotyping concerning Gomme herself and the seemingly labeling of her folklores were removed.In doing so, the range and intensity of her materials proved how she was worthy of her gotten and apparently striking achievements (â€Å"A Proper Limitation,† 2001). As the founder or pioneer and staunch advocate of the â€Å"Folk-Lore Society† and the â€Å"English Folk Cookery Association,† Gomme was obviously inventive in many disciplines of folklore. As such, it turned out that through children’s games and songs, Gomme showed her potential and created understandable famous books but did not compromise their academic aspect and essence.In short, Gomme took into consideration that youthful life quality of children through the effective creation of children’s games and songs. The effort ultimately paved the way for the creation of meaningful and useful ch ildren-related materials that best suited the early stages of life of people (â€Å"A Proper Limitation,† 2001). The Traditional Games of England, Scotland and Ireland The material that best described the caliber of Gomme was the two-volume â€Å"The Traditional Games of England, Scotland and Ireland† which was provided to the public on 1894 and 1898.These alphabetically-arranged lists of British games were the famous materials, specifically the games children normally play and even continue to play nowadays on Holidays and special events (Gomme, 1894 & Gomme, 1898). It became apparent that mostly on the list signified singing, vocalization, hands clapping as well as music-related content that evidently contributed as the foundation of a number of British conventional tunes and songs.Beyond these facts however, Gomme’s â€Å"Traditional Games of England, Scotland and Ireland† became notable because although it was made more than a century ago, many of the games created by Gomme and included in the said work remained to influence today’s setting concerning how children play and carry songs (Gomme, 1894 & Gomme, 1898). Each volume of the Gomme masterpiece contained 500 pages entries of songs and games such as the â€Å"Accroshay† up to â€Å"Nuts in May† as well as the â€Å"Oats and Beans† up to â€Å"Would You Know† (Gomme, 1894 & Gomme, 1898).The said folklore manifested the standard kinds of games and songs in the British Isles. As such, these included the natures, categories and features of English games and songs with their rules or guidelines which were arranged in a dictionary-like form based on the most oftentimes used songs and played games complete with all the activities concerned (Dorson, 1982). Additionally, the famous and very enjoyable folklore showed different characteristics and notes documents as well as varied rules that varied according to the quality of the songs and games, resp ectively.Now, after more than 100 years of existence, Gomme’s â€Å"The Traditional Games in England, Scotland and Ireland† definitely survived and that the significance of the games and songs and most importantly, their implications to children and even those young at hearts are the things that happened and stood through time (Dorson, 1982). It was likewise notable that through the melodies, singing-rhymes and processes of carrying-out the games; the collected songs and plays turned out to be of real importance not only to the author but most especially to her public.This is because the folklore aimed and eventually succeeded in presenting what relevant proof is to be obtained from separate research of the â€Å"Traditional Games of England† (Gomme, 1894 & Gomme, 1898). Gomme as the famous Song-catcher The conventionality of Gomme’s â€Å"The Traditional Games of England, Scotland and Ireland† did not hinder it from emerging as one of the best mat erial of within its period. I fact, the attributes of the said traditional literary created a field of education and the entire subject matter for such discipline in general.Relatively, the folklore and folk life in Gomme’s work became the basis in studying and relating the material in today’s contemporary setting. These very obvious features made Gomme as an undeniable song catcher. As the term itself indicates, the song-maker and game-founder in Gomme allowed her to efficiently grab the attention, interest and conduct of people particularly children. â€Å"The Traditional Games of England, Scotland and Ireland† is an existing evidence of the power of folklore in the lives of people.Specifically for children, the Gomme material became their guide and inspiration in satisfying their childhood necessities and inclinations. Hence, this condition proved how Gomme and her folklore, with all its songs and plays, captured the hearts and imaginations of children. Concl usion It is undisputedly worthy to study and be inspired by Gomme and her â€Å"The Traditional Games of England, Scotland and Ireland. † The fact that the author and her pioneering work were able to seize the likes of children is a concrete proof of how the power of such literary genre successfully influenced her readers in their youthfulness.Ultimately, Gomme and her materials of songs and games grabbed the world of the children and this was a considerable factor in regarding the innovative folklorist worthy of her stature. References Dorson, R. M. (1982). Folklore and Folk life: An Introduction. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. Gomme, A. B. (1894 & 1898). The Traditional Games of England, Scotland and Ireland (Vols. 1 & 2). London: Nutt. Musical Traditions Web Services. (2001). A Proper Limitation: Stereotypes of Alice Gomme. Retrieved June 16, 2009, from http://www. mustrad. org. uk/articles/gomme. htm

The Holocaust and Book Title Night

Night â€Å"Today everything is possible, even the crematoria. (Night, Wiesel 59) This compound hyperbole describes Elie Wiesel memoir of all the treacherous events that took place during the holocaust. Elie witnessed the whole experience first-hand. Weisel titled the book Night, evoking both literal and symbolic description of his dark ordeal as a holocaust victim and survivor. â€Å"That’s it, God is no longer with us. † (Wiesel 42) In this excerpt Elie Wiesel used syntax to figuratively exaggerate the despair the Jews faced.Although all Jews felt that God was either no longer there or simply did not exist, this quote was used as a hyperbole to make a seemingly inferior race feel the heat of a religious upheaval. â€Å"Never shall I forget that first night in camp, which has turned my night into one long night seven times sealed. † (Wiesel 32) By using hyperbole, this excerpt lets Wiesel express this symbolic complex sentence to exaggerate the agonizing feelin g of the holocaust being one long and dark quandary. â€Å"Never shall I forget those moments which murdered my god and my soul and turned my dreams to dust. (Wiesel 32) By giving the personification that his dreams were turned to dust helps us as readers understand the full extent of the gruesome nature that had changed the lives of millions forever. This book is a perfect example of Man’s inhumanity to man. Babies were shot and burned right in front of Elie. This could be like someone kicking a puppy in front of you and knowing you can’t do anything to stop it. The book title Night helps us as readers understand the dark, outstretched gloomy nature of the holocaust, and the symbolic side of the emotion being felt during war.The holocaust was full of remorseful and dark memories like the night sky is black. Elie’s book titled Night truly shows how terrifying this war was. â€Å"Over there, that’s where you’re going to be taken. That’s you ’re grave. Over there. † (Wiesel 38) This literal compound sentence was an excerpt from the book. Its literal effect on readers helped us understand that the thought of death could not be escaped. There was no place the Jews could go, and nothing Jews could do to escape the horrific thought of a horrifying death. Whether this be starvation, a bullet to the chest, or the rematorium, the thought of death haunted them all. What was described as one of the scariest things happening during this time were men turning on family members. Between killing for a piece of bread and abandoning parents or children for being weak, the holocaust had men acting not as men, but as wild animals. Also on the literal side the excerpt â€Å"Never shall I forget that smoke. † (Wiesel, 32) The smoke that represented where he could have died, and the smoke that turned innocent infant children into nothing more than a diminishing pile of ash.During the holocaust men were not treated as su ch. To the eyes of German SS soldiers Jews were merely dirt. Wiesel’s symbolic side of the book was shown through personification, hyperbole, syntax and a variety of various sentence structures such as using ways to describe how dark and gloomy his â€Å"long nights† stay at camp was. The title also brought out the more literal side like the smoke he swore never to forget. The symbolic and literal nature of the title Night was a description like no other of Elie Wiesel’s journey through hell.

Air Asia Essay

1.Threat of new Entrants The extent of barriers to entry depends on the strength of- i)Customer has little brand loyalty. If consumers of Airasia do not have brand loyalty, then the strength of the threat of new entrants is very high. The high numbers of competitors in the industry also decrease Airasia’s customer loyalty. Most of the travelers prefer low cost. New competitors which want to come in the industry have to spend little to compete with Airasia. ii)High capital requirement. The industry of airline needs large volume of start-up capital. The cost of setting up of offices, buying or leasing aircraft, hiring pilots and other staffs like air stewardess and etc incur a high start-up cost. Thus, the threat is low for Airasia. iii)Different product offered. Airasia offers different product compared to other competitors in Asia like Bangkok Airways, Tiger Airways, and Air Philippines. Other than the passenger sales ticket, Airasia also include holiday packages which is affordable around Asia. Airasia has good connection with hotels and tourism companies around Asia, which it is hard for new competitors to compete. iv)Low switching costs. Customers do not need to spend more on switching to another airline. The price would not be very significant in differences, which it depends on the availability of competitor’s services and suitability of the flight time that prompts them to switch. v)Moderate access to distribution channel. Airasia is the first airline company to enable customer book and purchase air tickets online in Malaysia. This makes its website www.airasia.com very famous among frequent travelers. Although new competitors can create a website for their company, it is quite difficult to compete with Airasia’s website. The website is known of its simplicity and user friendly. Thus, new competitors are difficult to make known their websites to travelers. vi)Strict government regulations. In obtaining license and permit to operate  an airline company is quite restricted. This is because in Malaysia, the airline industry is very competitive already and that the government also wants to protect the interest of its national airline, MAS which is operating on loses a few years back. 2.Rivalry among existing firms The strength of this factor depends on: i)High numbers of rivals. There are approximately 59 low fares and no frills airlines compete with Airasia. Among of them are Tiger Airways, JAL Express, JetStar Airways, Air Arabia and etc. Some of the airline does not compete directly with Airasia, but it competes indirectly in routes that Airasia does not fly. Thus, the higher the number of competitors, the more fierce the competition. ii)High fixed cost. The airline industry incur high fixed cost which consists of finance cost, hire purchase, and staff costs. The airline companies have to gain more market share to cover the fixed costs. In doing that, constant price reduction is done by them to compete with others. Thus, the rivalry is strong. iii)Customers easily switch. The nature of airline industry is that customer’s priority is to look at price and flight schedule that suits them the best when buying air tickets. The main purpose of using the airline services is to get to the destination intended. Customers can switch to other airline easily which makes the industry so competitive. iv)High exit cost. It is hard for an airline company to exit the industry. It is because the cost is high in paying the loans, staff retrenchment and flight cancellation refunds. Even making losses, the companies have to get running to cope with fixed costs. This makes the industry very competitive. v)Products are similar. As mentioned earlier, the main purpose of using airline services is to reach the destination. Every airline provides similar  services to customers. Though Airasia provides other added services like hotel booking, and tour packages, it is subject to the customer’s choice. An industry with similar products offered is highly competitive. 3.Threat of Substitute product i)Easy to switch. There are about 59 low cost airlines competing in the industry. The airlines serve over one hundred cities and islands across the sub-continental regions of South Asia, Southeast Asia and Northeast Asia. Although some of the budget carriers only fly domestic routes within the country of origin, while only a few operates international routes connecting nearby countries, customers will always look for alternatives. ii)Performance of substitutes. Performance of other airlines are quite similar with Airasia’s given there is no obvious product differentiation. Performance of airlines normally consists of the accuracy of take off time, aircraft performance and staff services. So far, Airasia had constantly reviewed its performance and improve its services. iii)Relative price. The price of substitutes are about the same with Airasia’s. Some of the airlines offers cheaper price to achieve profitable passenger loads. The price offered depends on the time gap between the booking date and flight date. The longer the date, the cheaper will be the price. If the tickets are purchased last minutes, the price will be about the same with premium airlines like MAS and Singapore Airlines. Thus, in this situation customers would switch to the premium airlines. 4.Bargaining power of buyers i)No significant product differentiation. The only difference Airasia’s product with others airlines is the holiday packages offered. Most of the low cost airlines concentrate on providing flight services only to customers. There is some offers hotel booking at the city that the airline flies to. However, Airasia makes the difference by providing holiday packages like example 3 days and 2 nights to Bali at RM800 per pax includes  flight ticket, accommodation and travel guides. For customers who do not want to follow the travel agencies and enjoys freedom, they will look for Airasia’s packages, but the customer’s portion of this type is small. Thus the bargaining power of buyers is strong as the main thing they look for is to fly to destinations. ii)Low switching costs. Cost of switching to other airlines is low, so bargaining power of buyers is strong. Airasia is not the only airlines operates in Asia. Other than that the price offered by other competitors are not much different. The customer choice is subject to their convenience and flight schedule that fit them best. iii)Portion of buyers expenditure on airline is moderate. This factor depends on portions of income an individual earns. The higher the portion, the more the customer look for cheaper price and thus, the stronger the bargaining power of buyers. Eg when a student without earning any income, will look for the cheapest price available as the portion of his expenditure will be very substantial. iv)Customers have access to market information. The IT world had emerged since 20th century. Many big and success companies in the world uses IT and e-commerce to operate. Without IT, the business had boundaries and international business will be prohibited. With worldwide web, information can be gathered on one click. Customer’s access to the current airline market information is easy and available all the time. The airline companies have less room for negotiation. Thus, customers had strong bargaining power. v)Buyer’s power concentration in many hands. Most of the airline company customers are individual travelers, only some travel in groups. So the air tickets are purchased individually. The airline companies are not relying on a few groups of customers only. Thus, the bargaining power of buyer is strong. 5. Bargaining Power of Suppliers i) Supplier concentration in a few hands. The supplier of airline companies is the fuel supplier, foods supplier, merchandise supplier and aircraft supplier. There are few suppliers in the market, eg the aircraft supplier, the companies are either Airbus or Boeing. In this case the power of supplier is strong. Other supplier like foods supplier and fuel supplier, the term of the supply must be based on the market condition. The supplier cannot increase too much of its price or risk losing long term business with the aircraft companies. ii)High switching costs. Most of Airasia’s aircraft are Airbus models. Previously the company used Boeing models, which they lease it and the company had since phased out most of the models and replace with Airbus. If Airasia is to switch to Boeing again, then the cost will be high, because training cost for employees to suit the aircraft features must be provided. Other than that, the technology used by Airbus is the most advanced, thus Airasia must rely to the Airbus engineers to do maintenance of the aircrafts and seek advices. Thus, bargaining power of suppliers is strong. iii)Relative lack of importance of buyers to supplier. Airbus is a UK based aviation company. Its customers come from around the world. So far 9,113 aircraft had been ordered, out of which 5,408 aircraft had been delivered by the company. Airasia had ordered 200 aircraft from Airbus and so far only 54 aircraft had been delivered. The percentage of less than 1%, 0.99% proves that Airasia is not Airbus’s important buyer. Thus, Airbus had strong power over Airasia.

Free Market vs Planned Economy

A market economy is an economic system where the factors of production, are privately owned, consumers and producers are motivated by self interest, the level of competition in the markets is very high and resources are allocated through the price mechanism. The definition is supported by Lipsey (1992) who also state that decisions about resources allocation are made without any central direction but instead as a result of innumerable independent decision taken by individual producers & consumers hence in the market economy the individuals or market makes the ultimate decision in allocation of resources. Whereas the planned economy is one in which the coordination of economic activity so essential to the viability and functioning of a complex social economy is undertaken through administrative means commands, directives, targets and regulations rather than by market mechanism. The dictionary. com defined this economic system as a socialist economic system in which production and distribution of goods and services are controlled by the government and industry is mostly publicly owned. Provision of public goods These are goods that are non rivalry in consumption and non excludability as alluded by Stanlake (2000) He also added the examples of public goods which includes national defences, the police service, flood control schemes, street lighting, pavements and public drainage hence they often have large external benefits relative to private benefits. In a market economy, production of public goods will not be provided or is limited because producers cannot withhold the goods for non –payment since there is no way of measuring how much a person consumes, there is no basis for establishing a market price. However in a planned economy there is provision of such goods because the government makes all decisions on what is produced. Hall (2010) mentioned that public goods cannot be provided privately because of their non diminishability and non –excludability that is consumers take a free ride since no one can be excluded from consuming them so it is almost impossible for a private firm to get anyone to pay for a public good. In a planned economy the state can finance the provision of public goods like defence and police service, by means of taxation and sometimes borrowing, local authorities provide street lighting and flood control can be provided by giving contracts to private sector firms. Production and consumption of merit and demerit goods According to Lipsey (1992), merit goods are those goods that the government compels or encourages people to consume, mainly because individuals are said to be unaware of the true benefits from consuming them. He also added that demerits goods are those goods which the state forbids people to consume mainly because individual are said to be unaware of the true harm they would suffer by consuming them. The best known examples of merit goods are health, education systems, insurance, inoculation and seat belts. The provision of merit goods in a free market economy tent to be under provided because spending on merit goods by the consumer would be determined by the private benefits derived from them. Like in United State of America where the free market is practised, the public health system compromised, people are advised to buy health insurance. The poor might not be able to afford this and some people might simply decide not to bother if they feel particularly health. In cases of seat belts consumers may fail to recognise their true private benefits hence less demand and less supply in a free economy. The demerit goods include cigarettes, alcohol and illegal drugs. These are over consumed in a market system because consumers may be unaware of the true cost of consuming them which includes negative externalities. As highlighted by Hall (2010) a planned economy there is an increase in the production and consumption of merit goods because the government considers them to be highly desirable for the welfare of the citizens. In this economic system the government has central authority to make decisions on the commodities to be produced hence emphasis will be placed on the production of merit goods and consumption of demerits will be reduced. The state can increase the production of merit goods by providing free state education and national health services. Contracts for services like refuse collection can be given to private sector firms. The government can also encourage the consumption of merit goods by providing information about the benefits of inoculation and passing legislation requiring vehicles to take and pass the vehicle inspection tests. In the command economy production and consumption of demerit goods is reduced with the purpose of reducing health problems for the economy. The government achieve this by taxing cigarettes and alcohol heavily and ban all dangerous drugs to prevent consumption. As well as roviding information about their harmful effects to the consumers. Consumer sovereignty Lipsey (1992:84) state that â€Å"market allocation are sometimes said to demonstrate consumer sovereignty that is to imply that the consumer is king and decides what shall be produced† This was supported by Stanlake (2000)who stipulates that the freedom of consumer choice is usually held to be the most important in the free econom y. It can be deduced that the consumer has the control, only the products that the consumer wants are produced. The more competitive the market structure, the more power the consumer will have. There is a higher level of consumer sovereignty in market economy than in planned economies. The government estimates the type of products it considers the individuals to want whilst in market economies producers are motivate by profit thus they have the incentives to respond quickly to change in consumer preferences. In a free market economy consumers benefit from lower cost goods and better services because business are forced to compete whilst in a planned economy there is no competition since the government is the only supplier. Equity in income distribution Equity is regarded as fairness. The market economy provides opportunities for people to earn income and acquire wealth but the opportunities for earning an income are no equally distribute. People do not have equal opportunities in education. Some are also limited in their capacity to learn or they may have acquired a skill only to find the demand for that skill is declining. If one starts a life with very little, and do not even get a good education, and then there will be very little protection from destitution. This discrimination in the free market economies distorts earnings and can result in people from minority groups and disabled earning less for the same work as able bodied. The market system does not guarantee that everyone will have the same opportunity to accumulate wealth and hence an inequality. It is argued that the planned economy can lead to more equal distribution of income and wealthy since the production factors are controlled by the state. A command economy mighty not have the efficiency and enterprise for the successful of many people but at least the government will try to make sure that nobody falls through the safety net. REFERENCES LIST Beardshaw,J. et. al (1998) Economics a student`s guide,5th Edition, Prentice Hall. Dictionary.com unabridged. Available at http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/market economy (accessed 3July 2013) Hall, R. and Lebierman,M.(2010)Microeconomic principle and application,5th Edition,Cengage learning Lipsey, R. and Harbury, C.(1992)Principals of economics,2nd Edition, Oxford: Oxford university press. Lipsey, R. and Chrystal, A.(1995)An introduction to positive economics ,8TH edition, London: Oxford university press. Stanlake, G. and Grant, S.(2000)Introductory economics, 7th Edition,London:Longman.

Compare and Contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Compare and Contrast - Essay Example ue sense of the word whichever way it is interpreted, the Prioress is the medieval feminine ideal, soft-hearted almost to a fault and academically well-educated. These differences can be easily determined as early as the general prologue as each character is described. The Prioress is shown to be the ideal by the positive statements made of her and her pleasing physical appearance while the Wife of Bath is described with a much less pleasing appearance and behaviors that match. The Prioress is described as possessing all of the attributes a man was supposed to look for in a woman in Chaucer’s time. She was â€Å"smiling, modest was and coy† (General Prologue, The Prioress, 2). She could sing well in the proper way, speak French fluently, had excellent manners so that â€Å"never from her lips let morsels fall, / Nor dipped her fingers deep in sauce† (General Prologue, The Prioress, 11-12), was pleasant to be around in any company and was charitable almost to a fault. Physically, she is given attractive attributes such as a fine nose, bright blue eyes, a small red mouth and a fair forehead. Chaucer tells his reader, â€Å"truth to tell, she was not undergrown† (General Prologue, The Prioress, 39), indicating a pleasant figure that men are not supposed to notice in that way when looking at a nun. Her clothing is neat and is well-maintained as would be expected of a lady high born. The Wife of Bath, on the other hand, immediately breaks the rules of true womanhood by being involved in commerce as a highly skilled seamstress. This vocation not only makes her lowly because she works for a living, but because she is in charge of her income, something that a true woman in medieval times would never dream of wanting. Despite this talent, or perhaps because of it, her behavior is also that of a course, undesirable woman. She tells lewd tales, has been married at least five times and has countless other lovers besides who are only hinted at with the comment that

6. To what extent were womens lives transformed by obtaining the vote Assignment

6. To what extent were womens lives transformed by obtaining the vote in 1918 and 1928 - Assignment Example They had no right for electoral positions in the parliament, and they were also not permitted to vote. It was presumed that women were not required to vote since their husbands took that responsibility on their behalf. Women’s responsibility was taking care of the home and childbearing. During industrial revolution, women became full- time employees which implicate that they had no opportunities to meet in groups to discuss social and political issues. In 1866, organized campaigns for women suffrage started to appear and from 1888, women were allowed to vote in local council elections. John Stuart proposed an amendment that women should be permitted to vote just as men but unfortunately rejected. Voting for women was always considered as an improvement in women’s rights. Many women viewed a vote as an outstanding achievement as that would give them a voice in the laws that were affecting their lives (Lambert, 2015, p.22). For years, women have struggled to achieve equal representation and rights in official activities. The quest for equality accelerated in the 19th century. This is the period when men became actively involved in wars as there was tension all over the world. While their men were away, women served the nation, and they did men’s work in various ways. In 1918, the passed a law that the women should be given a right to vote. This was as a result of the ability they had shown during the period in which their men were away. More women were willing to volunteer to work in ammunitions manufacturing factories, others were willing to take even significant risks being nurses for the wounded soldiers, and others became secretaries and assistants in offices that were used to control war troops among other important roles. Almost every individual who supported the motion of women to obtain voting right plainly said that they deserved it due to their courageous conduct during the period of war. Supporters of

ENTREPRENEURSHIP, ENTERPRISE, AND ETHICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ENTREPRENEURSHIP, ENTERPRISE, AND ETHICS - Essay Example I enjoyed reading about the accomplishments of John Patterson and his decisions that led the company in a specific direction. The paper is a quick yet detailed biography of Patterson’s, and inspires in terms of strategic decisions. Formatting is good and so is works cited page, but in-text referencing is erroneous. The paper is a detailed description of patent law that saved Farnsworth and gave him credit for his accomplishment. The author has mentioned all necessary facts. However, the presentation of the paper is not very impressing, as the writing has not made considerations about correct formatting. Referencing has not been done correctly. Page numbers are missing. Quite impressive information about Ruth and Eliot’s achievements is found in the paper. I loved reading about how Ruth gained the idea of creating a Barbie with changeable outfits. The presentation of information is correct, but the formatting of the paper is bad. No page numbers, no headers, and incorrect

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Report - Essay Example Sub-normal rainfall, with less than 100mm of rain per year can occur every 3-4 years. The region is characterised by one wet season, between April-August, followed by a prolonged dry season. Average rainfall varies from 600mm in lowland areas to 1500mm in the highlands. Temperatures range from 16Â °-30Â °c (BDVS, 2005). 1.4 Population The mean density of people is 33.1 per km? (BDVS, 2005). However, this figure varies, and most settlements and populations are found near water resources. 62% of the population don’t have enough food to maintain a healthy living. 1.5 Land use 20,000 Ha of land is used for cultivation of food and cash crops. However, despite the large size of farmed land, the water supply from rivers and lakes is inadequate to meet domestic, livestock and irrigation needs. 2 Water Provision and Scarcity The WWF (World Wide Fund) states that ‘freshwater is essential to human health, agriculture, industry and natural ecosystems, but is now running scarce in many regions of the world. Figure 2 highlights reasons for current water shortages. Figure 2 – Reasons For Water Shortages Adapted from Sub-sea Infrastructure Report (2006) According to Lomborg (2001), the world’s water consumption has almost quadrupled since 1940. Many experts and environmental agencies including the UN Environmental Report GEO 2000 claim that the water shortage constitutes a ‘full scale emergency’, where ‘the world water cycle seems unlikely to be able to cope with increased demands over the coming decades’. 3 The World’s Arid Regions Arid and semi-arid regions cover 30% of the total area (see Figure 3) of the world’s land surface (Balon and Dehnad, 2010) and over 40% of the world’s population live in these areas. Source: http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/y1899e/y1899e50.gif 4 Methods of Water Provision Mismanagement of existing boreholes, irrigation furrows and dams have lead to lengthy periods of disrepair , siltation and dereliction of Baringo’s water supplies. Facilities are also often polluted by human and animal waste. For a district that is water-deficient, most of the rainwater that does fall goes to waste due to a lack of appropriate harvesting technologies, especially at household level according to the Baringo District Vision and Strategy: 2005-2015. I aim to highlight how mitigation strategies and water supply management can improve the effectiveness of water resources and provide long-term sustainable solutions. 4.1 Surface Water Capture and Storage ‘There is a need to improve the efficiency of distribution and use of water’ (Gange, 1965). Kenya’s current National Development Plan emphasises the promotion and utilization of rainwater for sustainable development. Non-profit organisations such as Kenya Rainwater Association (KRA) aim to unite communities and bring individuals, institutions, landowners and organisations together to enhance rainwater harvest and utilization techniques. They are currently investing in methods for reducing losses such as evaporation from large storages, seepage from supply channels and other wastage that occurs within the distribution system. They’ve also built roof water tanks for schools that collects and provides safe drinking water. 4.2 Irrigation Agriculture Use of water from the Chemeron Reservoir is a critical issue in Baringo. Current methods of informal basin and channel irrigation involve little monitoring of water application. Modern irrigation

Finance assignment Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Finance assignment - Case Study Example Often times, the human resource management (HRM) department is considered inferior to other departments like finance and marketing, as it does not contribute to the revenue generation of the organization directly (Davis, 2011). This paper focuses on the financial aspect of the human resource management as it discusses its importance in the organization. It highlights the fact that HRM department is wrongly underrated, because it also contributes to the revenue of the firm. In this study, the case of John Lewis Partnership has been highlighted to point out the financial importance of the HRM in an organization. The human resource management (HRM) is described simply as proper allocation of human capital in the right time and in right place. By the proper allocation of the work force in all the departments, an organization is able to increase the overall efficiency of the firm (Lundy, 2008). The increased efficiency eventually leads to higher revenue generation and avoids resource wastage by inefficient usage. Thus it is clear that the financial importance of the HRM lies in the efficient use of human resources in such a manner that the financial investment made in the HR department gives proper return. The return on investment of the HR department is determined by the financial output of all the other departments and the organizational output as a whole (Price, 2011). According to Woods (2012) John Lewis partnership (JLP), unlike any other retail firm, is run by the employees who pose as the partners of the business operation. The management is run by a trust which operates on behalf of the employees. JLP has put the HR department in the in the centre of the management decision making. The HR department is prioritized so much that Andy Street, one of the personnel director made his way to the position of Managing Director (Cunliffe and Craik, 2014). The concept of partnership allows the employees or partners to enjoy benefits from the

Dorian Gray Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dorian Gray - Essay Example The warning has its effect, and he resolves to beg Sibyl to pardon his outburst and to marry him. True, the warning comes too late to make Sibyl any happier, but Dorian takes his first step down to the abyss of his doom when he shows no real sorrow at her fate and goes to enjoy himself at the opera with Harry Wotton. The Picture is a mere reflection of his inner nature-its effect on him should have been positive, but Dorian chose to ignore its message. The artist Basil Hallward might have been inclined to blame himself, at least in part, for Dorian's disaster, but it is actually Basil who tries the hardest to preserve Dorian's 'purity.' The question is whether Dorian was ever pure. When he senses that Basil was not too keen on his becoming intimate with Lord Wotton, Dorian perversely pushes for Wotton to stay longer at their first meeting. Anyway, Harry Wotton had privately determined to stay, and to become intimate enough with Dorian to 'influence' him. Basil's death was occasioned by his own attempts to bring Dorian back to the straight path. Dorian not only does not follow his advice, he mouths Wotton's words only to irritate Basil. When Basil tries hard to get him to repent and turn a new leaf, he is not only unscrupulously murdered but ruthlessly vaporized by Dorian for his pains. It might be argued that Lord Henry Wotton should be found guilty of influencing the course of Dorian's dark life and thus be held responsible for the dreadful death of the young man. It was, after all, he who influenced Dorian, by his very persuasive words and views, and by his gift of the 'yellow book' to be a 'hedonist.' In reply, one might say that Dorian actively sought to be influenced by Harry, and actively exceeded the scope and field of the influence. Moreover, if he understood that Harry Wotton only preached hedonism without really practicing it, he did not follow that admirable example. He chose to be first a narcissist and then a hedonist, before ending up as a detestably extreme combination of both. Conversing with Dorian at the end of the novel, Lord Wotton appears a nave greenhorn before a connoisseur of vice. Anyone with some knowledge of the details of Oscar Wilde's biography would be quick to discern aspects of Wilde in characters as diverse as Basil Hallward, Harry Wotton, and Dorian Gray. There would surely be some who would blame Wilde for the 'immorality' of Wotton and Gray. The course of the novel, however, makes it clear that the author's standpoint is characterized by the highest standards of true morality and sincerity, rather than conventional hypocrisy or downright immorality. Again, any inclination to lay the blame at the door of God or Fate would have to be checked by the awareness that Dorian's downslide is active, rather than passive or forced, from the moment he chose hedonism over repentance, on hearing of Sibyl's death. Victorian hypocrisy has been attacked more strongly by few Victorians other than Oscar Wilde, and he is as audacious as ever in giving the five-finger-salute to the Society of the times. In fact, towards the end, Dorian Gray makes a very rare affirmation of sensitivity when he tries to prevent the shooting of a hare. Ironically, it was not a hare, but a man it was that died-the very man who had been stalking Dorian Gray. The

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND GLOBAL CHANGE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND GLOBAL CHANGE - Essay Example This paper throws light on the business of luxury cars. The essay takes into account a sample of 200 countries and then on basis of certain parameters it tries to find out the best markets for high end cars. Luxury car market comprises of the consumers who belong to the elite class of any society. This essay tries to identify the two most potential countries of the world that has the highest proportions of economically affluent people showing special interest in status symbol consumption. Introduction International business is imperative in the world of economic affairs (Moffett, n.d.). This is the era of globalization and liberalization when almost all the companies and firms of the world are going global (LOC, 2007). Manufacturing firms, companies involving arts, music and even the service firms like banks, insurance etc are all enlarging their branches across the world outside their domestic territory. International business help to articulate capital flows, technological skills a nd even employment opportunities across the world. The consumers experience variable choices of different goods and services. The market for goods and services expands in every country with open trading giving its consumers a wide variety of products. International trade also facilitates mobility of the workers in the labour market (Rutgers, 2001). The activity moves to a global level when there is reallocation of productive resources and facilitates preferential choices in business. To suffice the objectives of firms, organizations and people business houses are getting involved into cross border transactions. International businesses have various branches like management contracts, foreign trade, franchising, licensing and also involve foreign institutional investments. In the past 30 years the quantum of international trade has expanded in Billions. Global links have helped largely by improving the living standards and upgrading technology for business. The business and trade pol icies are now integrated together between nations. Like, if the coffee production changes in Brazil then it would affect economies and market all across the world. The sum of global business had fallen slightly around the year 2000 but has again started to grow with globalization accelerating. Trading blocks are formed with rationalization. There is a shift in the pattern of global trade between nations. From the period of 1960’s to 1990’s the requirement of manufactured goods in international trade was much greater than the necessity of raw inputs like rubber, jute. In the recent scenario, emerging economies in the world like BRICS are actively participating in the production of manufactured products. Service sector trading has also incremented in the current period (CIA, 2013). Developing counties like India have almost 30% of its GDP being contributed from the tertiary sector although it was previously a country with almost 80% of GDP coming from primary sector. The main purpose of the project is to understand the extent to which international business acts as a pivotal body of world economy. The trade outflows in an economy are very important to balance its trade account, at a macro level. On the other hand there are many companies operating in the domestic market that are not able to enjoy the fruits of economies of scale in production, with the help of international